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These correlations are for older materials. They do not cover the materials adopted in 2006.
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>> Standard 1f >> Houghton Mifflin
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Standard: Show Content Tip
1f Students know differences in chemical and physical properties of substances are used to separate mixtures and identify compounds.
Holistic Rating: Moderate coverage of this standard.
Pages C34-C57 provide moderate coverage of this standard. Pages C78-C83 introduce pH and utilize it as a property to distinguish some compounds from each other.
The term "identify compounds" in this standard has two meanings. One is that you can identify what a compound is (a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined with each other). The other is that you can tell which compound a substance is (e.g., distinguishing sugar, saccharine, and aspartame). To understand this standard, students need to know that scientists use physical and chemical properties to distinguish among compounds and to determine the identity of a specific compound. As explained in the California Science Framework (page 69), "every compound has a unique set of chemical and physical properties that can be used to identify it." See the CONTENT TIP for this standard for examples.
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Aspects that help student learning:
Text clearly explains nature of mixtures and how to use physical methods to separate parts of mixtures. Text also clearly explains that compounds are different in that they have new properties that are very different than the properties of the parts.
The activity on pages C86-C87 teaches how six different substances can be distinguished based on physical and chemical properties [NOTE: this activity is not cited in the Teacher's Edition that we used].
Activities on pages C44-C46 provide different experiences with separating parts of mixtures.
Aspects that do not help student learning:
Treatment is weak with respect to showing how scientists use different properties of compounds to identify specific compounds. The concept of pH is useful for distinguishing classes of compounds, but is generally not used to identify a specific compound. It seems to complex a topic to introduce here for that purpose. See the CONTENT TIP for this standard for examples of using melting point to identify specific compounds. Melting point may be more appropriate than pH because of its conceptual simplicity (temperature at which a substance melts) and because it connects with physical changes in state that are already being studied in Grade 5 science (melting in the water cycle; differences between solids, liquids, and gases).
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